八會(huì)穴是指分別對(duì)臟、腑、氣、血、筋、脈、骨、髓各有重要作用的八個(gè)穴位。最早由《難經(jīng)•四十五難》提出:“府會(huì)太倉(cāng),藏會(huì)季脅,筋會(huì)陽(yáng)陵泉,髓會(huì)絕骨,血會(huì)膈俞,骨會(huì)大杼,脈會(huì)太淵,氣會(huì)三焦,外一筋(字有誤,有兩乳內(nèi)也。……熱病在內(nèi)者,取其會(huì)之氣穴也!奔磁K會(huì)章門,腑會(huì)中脘,氣會(huì)膻中,血會(huì)膈俞,筋會(huì)陽(yáng)陵泉,脈會(huì)太淵,骨會(huì)大杼,髓會(huì)絕骨。
章門是脾的募穴,中脘是胃的募穴,脾胃為臟腑的要本,所以稱作臟會(huì)和腑會(huì)。膻中正當(dāng)胸中,為氣之海;膈俞當(dāng)胸腹之間,主化生氣血,所以稱作氣會(huì)和血會(huì)。陽(yáng)陵泉為膽之合穴,位于膝旁,“膝者筋之府”,故稱筋會(huì)。太淵為肺經(jīng)原穴,當(dāng)寸口動(dòng)脈,故稱脈會(huì)。大杼當(dāng)脊柱大椎之旁(椎骨又稱杼骨),是背俞之首,故稱骨會(huì)(一說(shuō)大椎別名大杼,骨會(huì)當(dāng)指大椎。如《類經(jīng)圖翼》:“大椎為骨會(huì),骨病者可灸之!保┙^骨即懸鐘穴,或指陽(yáng)輔,當(dāng)腓骨下段部,“諸髓皆屬于骨”,故稱髓會(huì)(元代滑壽《難經(jīng)本義》引四明陳氏說(shuō),認(rèn)為“腦為髓海,腦有枕骨穴,則當(dāng)會(huì)枕骨,絕骨誤也!泵鞔鷧抢ァ夺?lè)搅芬伞敖^骨”為“完骨”之誤。清代葉霖《難經(jīng)正義》認(rèn)為系指玉枕穴)。
八會(huì)穴表
臟會(huì)——章門 筋會(huì)——陽(yáng)陵泉
腑會(huì)——中脘 脈會(huì)——太淵
氣會(huì)——膻中 骨會(huì)——大杼
血會(huì)——膈俞 髓會(huì)——絕骨 |